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Neste artigo, através de uma análise das formas e dos conteúdos de várias pelejas brasileiras, selecionadas de entre muitas centenas de folhetos de cordel, procuramos mostrar de que modo aí se apresentam e confrontam homens e mulheres; e procuramos, ainda, compreender o lugar deste género textual na (re)construção da sociedade brasileira (e não só).
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The long and labyrinthine process that Latin America has undergone in its way towards democracy has been marked by the same confrontations and quarrels present throughout the Western intellectual history, which have sometimes been expressed as a fight between "ideas and emotions." In Latin America, this intellectual quarrel may be described in Julio Cortazar’s terms, as a struggle between "Baroque cronopios" versus "Gothic fames," or as a war between two cultures: "that of blood and that of ink," echoing the erosion of the great theories and traditional ideologies. Thus, in the wake of the political and cultural developments resulting from globalization, the Latin American democratic transitions, and the fall of the socialist bloc, we know that we are witnessing the end of an era, but we cannot yet define the new age. This article ponders, thus, what the revival of romantic views and emotions may mean at the beginning of the 21st century. Mexico, in particular, faces a major political and cultural challenge, resulting from the fact that the Mexican society is still immersed in the culture of the Revolution’s nationalism. The perennial struggle between ideas and emotions has become manifest again in the form of a dilemma between attaching to an identity in crisis and trying to reconstruct it, or rather looking ahead with the aim of creating a new democratic civic culture. [P1] Tras los desarrollos políticos y culturales derivados de la globalización, las transiciones democráticas en América Latina y la desaparición del bloque socialista, sabemos que estamos ante el fin de una época, pero aún no podemos definir los nuevos tiempos. A partir de ello, este artículo reflexiona sobre lo que puede significar el retorno de algunas visiones y emociones románticas a comienzos del siglo XXI. En particular, México tiene frente a sí un gran reto político y cultural, que parte del hecho de que su sociedad sigue inmersa en la cultura del nacionalismo revolucionario. Se presenta, así, como nueva expresión de esa perenne lucha entre ideas y emociones, la disyuntiva de dirigir los sentimientos a una identidad en crisis e intentar reconstruirla, o bien mirar hacia adelante para darle vida a una nueva cultura cívica democrática.
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The published works of Andi Nachon (Buenos Aires, 1970) comprise more than half a dozen single-authored collections of poetry, inclusion in several recent anthologies, and her own anthology of Argentine women poets. Her name appears in articles and works on recent poetry from Argentina, as in Diana Bellessi’s La pequeña voz del mundo. She also gives frequent readings on the Buenos Aires poetry circuit. Her work, though, lacks a sustained critical study. This is surprising. Nachon’s poetry occupies, in form and technique, a space between the dominant trends of 80s and 90s poetry – broadly speaking, the neobarroco and objectivismo – whilst her themes take in contemporary pop culture, political memory and resistance, and what might be termed the psychogeography of the city. Ambiguity – of subject or narrative position; of syntax; of geographical or physical position; and of gender – characterizes much of her work. For these and other reasons, a detailed reading of a selection of poems from throughout her career is somewhat overdue. This paper sets out to examine a number aspects of her poetry: the context from which her earliest work emerges; its development of novel forms of address, in relation to comparable near-contemporary poets; explorations of space, including a form of psychogeography, in both her early collections and her volume Taiga (2000); the subtle political engagements found in her poetry, including a later collection Plaza real (2004); before looking at her most recent poetry and its interaction with non-poetic forms. Questions of the lyric and what has been called by Baltrusch and Lourido (2012) and Casas (2012), amongst others, “non-lyric poetry”, are central to these analyses.
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La performance poética que Batato Barea realizó en la presentación de la galería del Rojas, en 1989, para inaugurar la muestra de Liliana Maresca Lo que el viento se llevó colocó en primer plano aquello que Mladen Dolar (2007) denominó como “política de la voz”. El uso paródico que hizo el clown-travesti-literario respecto de la historia de la declamación de poesía estableció diferentes modos de fuga de aquella corporalidad rígida, proveniente de los procesos de homogeneización de la lengua de comienzos del siglo XX y reiterada como emblema del disciplinamiento de los cuerpos durante el período dictatorial. El poema recitado, -“Sombra de conchas” de Alejandro Urdapilleta- y la performance de Batato Barea hacían entrar, a través del repertorio gestual histórico de la declamación de poesía, nuevos posicionamientos sobre la subjetividad, teniendo como horizonte la puesta en primer plano de la teatralidad en distintas artes durante la posdictadura argentina. Paralelamente, junto a la escucha de esta voz paródica, puede rastrearse, en las performances del clown y del grupo Las coperas, un registro ambivalente, que absorbía los tonos imaginarios que la literatura ya había volcado sobre sí para ese entonces.
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Tomam-se como corpora três folhetos de literatura de cordel para discutir sobre os modos de construção do conceito de identidade política, sua relação com a memória social e discursiva, os discursos repetíveis, os deslizamentos e as subversões de sentido. A análise de discurso considera que a identidade é um movimento que se faz na história e que, por isso, dá-se entre unidade e dispersão: refere-se às posições do sujeito, as chamadas identidades de posicionamento, e às suas filiações aos interdiscursos. O suporte teórico respalda-se em autores, tais como Michel Pêcheux, Dominique Maingueneau, Roberto DaMatta, Karina Kuschnir e Max Weber, que contribuem com reflexões pertinentes sobre o conceito de identidade política. Abstract: Three papers of the cordel literature were taken as "corpora" in order to discuss about the ways of building the concept of political identity, its relation with the social and discursive memories, with the repeatable discourses, with the slides and with the subversions of the senses. The discourse analysis considers that the identity is a movement made in history and, therefore, between unity and dispersion: it refers to the positions of the subject, what is known as “identities of position”, and its filiations to the inter-discourses. The theoretical support is based on authors such as Dominique Maingueneau, Roberto DaMatta, Karina Kuschnir and Max Weber who also contribute with pertinent considerations about the concept of political identity.
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Conferencia Magistral de Jaime Labastida Ochoa, Doctor en Filosofía por la UNAM y Director de la Academia Mexicana de la Lengua, como parte de la jornada de Cantabria Campus Nobel dedicada al Patrimonio y la Lengua.
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INTRODUÇÃO / 01 1° Capítulo: Percursos Urbanos na Arte de Rua / 06 1.1 O Berço da Arte de Rua / 07 1.2 Filhos dos Guetos / 12 1.3 Passos para a Fama / 16 1.4 Guerra de Estilos / 18 1.5 A Expansão nas Mídias / 24 1.6 O Mercado do Graffiti / 27 2° Capítulo: 2 Ato Transgressor: O Artista na Rua / 32 2.1 O Risco Vale a Pena / 33 2.2 “Declare o Seu Amor à Cidade, São Paulo 450 anos” / 34 2.3 Caminhos na Contramão / 38 2.4 XARPI, Profissão Perigo / 42 2.5 A Pixação pela Porta da Frente / 50 2.6 Escrita Urbana / 57 3° Capítulo: 3 Circuitos Locais / 60 3.1 Graffiti Made in Brasil / 61 3.1.1 Artistas do Graffiti / 64 3.2. O Graffiti com Sotaque Carioca / 70 3.2.1. Graffiti de Periferia / 75 3.3. Antídoto Contra a Pixação / 77 CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS / 84 APÊNDICES / 90 Circuitos Locais - Galeria de Fotos / 91 REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS / 102 *** Resumo Este estudo tem como objetivo contribuir para a compreensão da origem das intervençõesurbanas através do grafite contemporâneo, sua expansão no Brasil e de que forma aporta aocircuito das instituições oficiais da arte. Orientamos o escopo de nossa pesquisa no sentido deacompanhar a expansão do fenômeno do grafite como arte de rua no Brasil desde anos 1970 até o presente momento; o processo de crescimento dos dois vieses do grafite (pichação egrafite) nas cidades de São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro; de que forma o grafite se consagra comoum novo gênero artístico junto ao circuito institucional; e como o ensino do grafite vem sendovinculado a projetos sociais. Partindo desse recorte recorremos à análise da origem desse movimento nos Estados Unidos; a expansão da pichação nas grandes cidades brasileiras apartir de um contexto urbano, e o grafite como uma expressão juvenil que se impõe nessecenário; assim como aspectos e características da pichação em São Paulo e os processos demidiatização e hibridação cultural. Partindo de uma pesquisa documental, bibliográfica e decampo, buscou-se verificar as diferenças e contrastes entre a pichação e o grafite; quais osmétodos de intervenção, técnicas, materiais e estilos; a análise histórica dos artistas pioneiros no grafite na década de 1970 em São Paulo; assim como, o início do grafite no Rio de Janeironos anos 1980. Por fim, procurou-se entender o propósito de iniciativas que visam a oferta decursos e oficinas de grafite em projetos destinados aos jovens de comunidades de baixa rendano Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Abstract This study aims at contributing to an understanding of the origin of the urbaninterventions through the contemporary graffiti, its development in Brazil, and how itcontributes to the circuit of the official institutions of Art. We have decided to carry out ourresearch in order to monitor the expansion of the graffiti phenomenon as a street art in Brazilfrom the 1970s up to the present time, the process of the growth of the two types of graffiti(writings and picture graffiti) in São Paulo and in Rio de Janeiro; how graffiti has establisheditself as a new artistic genre within the institutional circuit; and how the teaching of graffitihas been connected to social projects. Considering the information collected, we have done ananalysis of the origin of this movement in the United States; the expansion of the graffiti inbig Brazilian cities from an urban context, and the graffiti as a youth expression which hasimposed itself in this scenario; as well as aspects of the writings ( pichação)in São Paulo, andthe processes of mediatization and cultural hybridization. From a documental, bibliographicaland field research, we have attempted to point out the differences and contrasts betweenwritings and picture graffiti; which were the intervention methods, the techniques, thematerials, the styles; the historical analysis of the pioneer artists in the 1970s in São Paulo; aswell as the beginning of graffiti in Rio de Janeiro in the 1980s. Finally, we have tried tounderstand the purpose of the initiatives which aim at offering courses and workshops aboutgraffiti in projects for young people from low-income communities in the state of Rio deJaneiro.
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This book explores the themes of displacement, exile and migration in the work of the most important Argentine poets since the 1950s. The book outlines the poetry of key authors in the second half of the twentieth century as well as writing by younger poets at the turn of the century. It includes generous selections of the original poems with new translations into English by the author.
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Este trabajo se propone señalar las prácticas de poesía ligadas a la performance y la teatralidad en la región del Río de la Plata durante los procesos de finalización de la dictadura y comienzos de la democracia, hacia finales del siglo XX. Menciona brevemente una historia del género y los problemas metodológicos que presenta la investigación. Desarrolla, además, la emergencia de formas de la teatralidad en las producciones artísticas y políticas de comienzos de 1980 en Argentina, período marcado por la transición democrática, para ubicar en este marco la producción del poeta y dramaturgo Emeterio Cerro.
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Professionalization and political engagement are usually placed as incompatible in the case of journalism and the mainstream press, resulting in an identification of cultural resistance exclusively with alternative/amateur vehicles. I will use the concept of journalistic field as introduced by Pierre Bourdieu to review these assumptions and discuss a form of political resistance that acts in one's own area of knowledge, is not overtly political and whose effects are not immediately accountable for. Drawing examples from my research on two literary newspapers published in the 1950s in Brazil and Uruguay, this paper will focus on the implications of didacticism for literary criticism as a genre of newswriting. The analysis of these newspapers will lead to a reflection on two main issues: a) the conflict between the professionalization and democratization of literature; and b) the definition of resistance as necessarily an action that is against something. The article will reconsider education in journalism as a form of resistance, taking into account its risks of becoming political indoctrination and commercial manipulation, but emphasizing its potential as a way of expanding access to literature.
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In October 2007, over the course of a weekend, several hundred people descended on Coronel Pringles, a small town in the Argentine pampas. For two days they would participate, along with many of the town’s residents, in a series of workshops and performances held under the aegis of the Asociación Civil Estación Pringles, an organization founded in 2006 and headed by the poet Arturo Carrera. This inaugural event centered on the practice of declamation, one of the ‘viejas prácticas sociales y artı́sticas’ (‘timeworn social and artistic practices’) that Estación Pringles seeks to place into dialogue with the work of contemporary artists, writers and performers. In its founding statement, the project casts this dialogue in theatrical terms, calling itself ‘una plataforma o una escena donde prácticas estéticas dispersas en un espacio lateral puedan agregarse, articularse, hacerse visibles’ (‘a platform or scene where aesthetic practices, scattered throughout a lateral space, might come together, be articulated, become visible’). Indeed, an emphasis on theatricality would reappear in Carrera’s closing remarks to the 2007 gathering, in which he couches the practice of declamation in terms of a ‘teatrito,’ a ‘little theater’ (Estación Pringles).
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El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar un análisis comparativo de la semiosis del espacio urbano en cinco poemarios publicados recientemente en la ciudad de Buenos Aires: Aquel corazón descamisado (2002) de Luis Tedesco, El carrito de Eneas (2003) de Daniel Samoilovich, La rebelión del instante (2005) de Diana Bellessi, Solos y solas (2005) de Tamara Kamenszain y Poemas del sin trabajo (2007) de Eduardo Mileo. En todos ellos se textualizan voces, miradas e itinerarios que atraviesan la ciudad contemporánea, apelando a una gran diversidad de imágenes, tópicos y estrategias discursivas. La tríada conceptual crisis-deconstrucción-empatía permitirá leer en conjunto diferentes modalidades en que los textos poéticos traducen y reenvían a las complejidades del imaginario social.
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Cardboard is hardly a material we associate with new media or digital technology in general. And yet in considering a series of recent editorial projects in several Latin American cities—editorial projects whose last name is always Cartonera and whose defining attribute is a trash aesthetic of hand-painted books made from recycled cardboard—it seems difficult to avoid confronting the present media ecology characterized by these technologies. These editorials produce, on some level, a kind of ‘‘new media,’’ although the mere novelty of their enterprise is only the most superficial of their affiliations with this concept. On the contrary, it seems clear to me that these projects also enact a form of production that should be interrogated within a discussion of the forms of sociality associated with new media and the politico-economic landscape they inhabit and condition.
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Prólogo Capítulo I: Testimoniar en oxímoron (El caso César Vallejo) Capítulo II: Testimoniar sin lengua (El caso Alejandra Pizarnik) Capítulo III: Testimoniar sin metáfora (Los casos Washington Cucurto, Martín Gambarotta, Roberta Iannamico). *** Testimoniar en oxímoron, testimoniar sin lengua, testimoniar sin metáfora. Con estas tres fórmulas, Tamara Kamenszain bordea lo dicho por la poesía en los casos César Vallejo, Alejandra Pizarnik, Washington Cucurto, Martín Gambarotta y Roberta Iannamico. El testimonio no es prueba de la realidad sino en todo caso una muestra de vida. La poesía como testimonio mantiene viva la posibilidad de decir. Poniendo los saberes en falta, la poesía dice, da cuenta de la realidad, pero sin que esto signifique apelar a los realismos. En la imposibilidad indecible de todo testimonio, allí la poesía encuentra su boca. En este marco, los ensayos de Kamenszain registran una nueva lectura, tejen otros textos: el Vallejo de España, aparta de mí este cáliz pone en fecha los hechos, recibe en el propio aliento la boca del otro, mata la muerte. Y así como Vallejo deja entrar lo que de vida hay en la muerte, Pizarnik tramita lo que de muerte hay en la vida, en el punto de cese de la lengua que habla en sus últimos libros. Intentando despegar la escritura poética de su herramienta retórica por excelencia, la metáfora, los nuevos poetas buscan pinchar el efecto de show de la realidad. El realismo atolondrado en Cucurto, la búsqueda de lo real en Gambarotta, y el uso en Iannamico son modos de poner al poema en circulación, justo antes de que la ‘literatura’ se extinga. Precisa, lúcida y emotiva, la mirada de Kamenszain renueva las lecturas de dos grandes poetas de la poesía latinoamericana y descubre modos posibles de leer a las nuevas generaciones de la poesía argentina.
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Empreendendo uma análise profunda de três romances representativos da literatura latino-americana recente, Diana Klinger aborda dois elementos fundamentais presentes na ficção contemporânea: a presença marcante da primeira pessoa, em que se identificam aspectos de discurso autobiográfico, e uma perspectiva afastada sobre o outro, caracterizando uma literatura que atravessa fronteiras culturais. Escritas de si, escritas do outro constitui, portanto, obra fundamental para a compreensão das novas tendências da ficção contemporânea e, notadamente, da produção literária latino-americana da atualidade.
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A pesar de los muchos artículos disperso que oportunamente se ocuparon de reflejar aspectos de la producción poética argentina de las últimas décadas, prácticamente no existen libros que hayan intentado plantear una visión más o menos ordenada de ese conjunto vastísimo y heterogéneo que le ha ofrecido a los lectores muchas más novedades que la prosa en el mismo período. Este libro constituye un esfuerzo en esa dirección.
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(1992). Argentina's secret poetry boom. Travesia: Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 178-184.
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La ensayista Laura Scarano nos presenta un artículo, particularmente lúcido, en torno a la poéticas del siglo XXI en lengua española. El texto atiende la poesía contemporánea en el marco de un hispanismo transatlántico, con un abanico de subjetividades, escenarios y narrativas, que oscilan entre las reivindicaciones de lo local y las inevitables servidumbres de lo…
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El siglo XX se terminó –y el XXI empezó o, todavía, espera– con una crise de vers no menor de la que Mallarmé diagnosticó –y contribuyó a precipitar– a finales del XIX. El signo de la crisis, sin embargo, es distinto: con el simbolismo se trataba de una tensión no resuelta entre los instrumentos tradicionales de la poesía y la búsqueda de algo nuevo, de recomienzo. El mundo cambiaba visiblemente y a poesía buscaba su lugar en una situación demasiado volátil para su necesidad de pisar suelo firme. En esa zona de transición se carga el resorte que va a impulsar las primeras vanguardias. La crisis de hoy es menos un desconcierto que un compás de espero.
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